Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria. The main virulence determinant of the bacteria is diphtheria toxin, the cause of the systemic complication seen with diphtheria. Production of diphtheria toxin by toxigenic strain encoded by dtx/tox gene and repressed by dtxR gene. Gold standard for bacterial toxigenicity test carried out by conventional methods (Elek test, Guine…
Manusia adalah makhluk dengan dua dimensi yang memerlukan keseimbangan antara kebutuhan dunia dan kebutuhan akhirat. Itulah mengapa manusia memiliki emotional quotion dan Intelegentia quotion (EQ dan IQ) dan yang lebih penting adalah mengetahui Spiritual Quotion/SQ (Dr Ali Shariati 2004). KOnsep keseimbangan antara EQ dan IQ merupakan konsep Universal yang mampu memuaskan seseorang dan orang la…
Typhoid/paratyphoid disease is a major problem in Indonesia Management of therapy including the use of immunomodulator must be developed continuously. In this case Phyllanthus niruri L is immunomodulator that has been useful to increase the animal and human immunity. The purpose of this study was to know the influence of Phyllanthus niruri L on the Salmonella infection focusing on spleen bacter…