The avian influenza (AI) H5N1 viruses have caused nearly 600 fatal cases in the world since 2003. The H5N1 AI virus is still circulating in wild birds and domestic. One of the known of AI virus pathogenicity is the ability of the nonstructural protein (NS1 and NS2) to induce cytokine storm. Mutations of the NS1 and NS2 proteins may aggravate infections. Genetic sequences of NS gene that enco…
The epidemic arising out of H5N1 virus infection causes death case and material loss. Mutation of H5N1 virus that signify the increase of pathogenicity and change of dispersal of host response can be used to reference for early warning system of epidemic caused of avian influenza virus. The objective of this research is to obtain information related to molecular markers of pathogenicity of …
Dengan adanya kejadian luar biasa yang pertama virus avian influenza H5N1 tahun 1997 semakin jelas bahwa potensi virulensi virus H5N1 telah meluas ke manusia. Review ini disusun untuk memahami karakteristik virus, siklus replikasi virus, mekanisme virus masuk ke dalam hospes, peran hemaglutinin sebagai determinan patogenisitas, urutan basa hemaglutinin yang berperan dalam memicu peningkatan vi…
Background: Influenza A virus infection can cause pandemic influenza worldwide. The outbreak of the H1N1 virus occurred in Indonesia in April 2009. A total of 1892 suspected cases of H1N1 were reported between April and the end of December 2009. From 1892 suspected cases, there were only 809 confirmed infected by the H1N1 virus. Since the virus is a new strain, we wanted to know how many cases …
Immunized avian with vaccine, produces specific antibody in the serum as well as in the egg yolk. An adjuvant is used to augment the effects of a vaccine by stimulating the immune response. Morinda citrifolia, L., especially the fruit contains of some chemical compounds such as polysaccharide, scopoletin, damnacanthal, proxeronine and proxeroninase. All those of active compounds, are soluble in…