Background: Stigma and discrimination persist resulting many people living with HIV hide their status for fear of losing their jobs, social status, and the support of their families and communities. Methods: This case study presents collecting evidence and reviews factors relate to HIV/AIDS programme provided by public in Bitung Municipality, North Sulawesi Province, lndonesia. The objectives o…
Background: The quantitative assays are important tests in the management of patients with HIV-1/AIDS. The important step in developing the assay is the availability of the standard HIV-1 RNA. For this purpose, we optimized in vitro HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA. Methods: The HIV-1 DNA was amplified from pNL43 by PCR using a primer pair that was specific for conse…
Backgrounds: One of the phases that have a high vulnerability to HIV-AIDS is adolescence, a period which has the highest social mobility than at any other age. In recent years there is a trend of increased cases of HIV-AIDS, especially in groups of teenagers who are of reproductive age. Social penalties for people with HIV-AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with patients with other d…
Background: The quantitative assays are important tests in the management of patients with HIV-1/AIDS. The important step in developing the assay is the availability of the standard HIV-1 RNA. For this purpose, we optimized in vitro HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA. Methods: The HIV-1 DNA was amplified from pNL43 by PCR using a primer pair that was specific for conse…
Background: Commercial sex workers is one of high risk group in spreading of HIV/AIDS. In Langkat District, till October 2007 there were 7 cases AIDS reported from prostitutes. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of their predisposing factors (knowledge and attitude), enabling factors (complexity of condom, availability of condom, customer's comfort) and reinforci…