One case (1.4 percent) of anomalous arrangement of the origin of the left vertebral artery which derived from optal arc was found during 17 years periode from 68 cavaders anatomical study about this anomaly is presented.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a very complex cardiovascular problem and very difficult to treat. Bisoprolol, a selective beta-1-blocker with minimal side effects can be considered as an additional drug in CHF patients can who have no satisfactory results with standard therapy. Small doses of 1.25 mg bisoprolol may be effective and can be tolerated by most patients with CHF. With the adminis…