Influenza is a disease that occurs throughout the year in Indonesia. Surveillance of ILI (Influenza-Like Illness) has been ongoing since 2006, but information on the effect of climate change on the distribution of influenza virus in Indonesia is still limited. This study aims to determine the distribution pattern of influenza due to climate change in Indonesia in 2012-2013. This study used I…
NS1 protein is a multifunction protein that plays key role of pathogenesis and virulence of avians influenza virus H5N1. The amino acid substitution at the position P42S, D92E, F103I, M106I and 5 amino acid deletion at the position 80 to 84 in NS1 protein reported increasing virulence of avians influenza virus H5N1. Several studies showed avians influenza virus H5N1 in Indonesia has dynamic cha…