Parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs is an obstacle to malaria elimination. In Plasmodium vivax, up to now, a marker to distinguish between resistant and susceptible is no available yet. Identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) in P. vivax for multidrug resistance (pvmdr1)is potential approach due to pvmdr1 gene is orthologous to the pfmdr1 of P.falciparum, have been related to multi…
Treatment failure in falciparum malaria may be caused by parasite resistant to antimalarial drug or new infection. Polymorphism genetic marker of P. falciparum namely MSP1, MSP2 and GLURP locus genes in the population should be identified as a baseline to distinguish the cause of treatment failure. A nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was applied to each locus gene separately. A tota…
This study was a part of the activity of monitoring Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHP) treatment in subjects infected with P.falciparum and P.vivax in Kalimantan and Sulawesi. SNP Y976F had been proved as the mutation in pvmdr1 gene which was related to P. vivax resistance chloroquine in Papua. Data of spreading pvmdr1 SNP Y976F outside Papua is needed for using Dihidroartemisinin-Piperakuin …
In monitoring the treatment of malaria with Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP), microscopic cross check and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) performed to validate the results of laboratory examinations in the field. This study used finger prick samples from subjects with a diagnosis of malaria in monitoring the treatment of malaria with DHP in Kalimantan and Sulawesi. Samples taken at day 0, b…
Human Immunodeficiency Virus is retrovirus that can decrease immune system in human body. There are two types of HIV which could be genetically specified as HIV-I and HIV-2. HIV-I consists of three groups: M, N, and 0. The 'M' group is further classified as nine subtypes i. e, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I subtypes. In certain condition, two viruses from different subtypes can mix and form a hy…