Human Immunodeficiency Virus is retrovirus that can decrease immune system in human body. There are two types of HIV which could be genetically specified as HIV-I and HIV-2. HIV-I consists of three groups: M, N, and 0. The 'M' group is further classified as nine subtypes i. e, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I subtypes. In certain condition, two viruses from different subtypes can mix and form a hy…
Background: The quantitative assays are important tests in the management of patients with HIV-1/AIDS. The important step in developing the assay is the availability of the standard HIV-1 RNA. For this purpose, we optimized in vitro HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA. Methods: The HIV-1 DNA was amplified from pNL43 by PCR using a primer pair that was specific for conse…
As screening tool for HIV-1 infection, anti HIV-1 ELISA kit with high sensitivity was proved to be very efficient. Because of its high sensitivity, the use of the kit to screen HIV-1 infection in low risk individuals or in seroprevalence study in population of non-endemic area will reduce its specificity. Therefore, there will be many false positive results which, in turn, will give psychososia…